PostgreSQL Introduction

PostgreSQL (“Postgres”) is a free, open-source relational database famous for reliability, correctness, and a remarkably rich feature set. It's a top choice for serious applications.

How it stores data

Data lives in tables — rows and columns, like a spreadsheet with strict rules. You define the shape (a schema) and query it with SQL, the standard language for relational databases.

SELECT name, price FROM products WHERE price < 50;

Why Postgres

• ACID transactions — data stays consistent even on failure.
• Rich types — JSON/JSONB, arrays, ranges, geometric, and more.
• Powerful queries — CTEs, window functions, full-text search.
• Extensible — add capabilities via extensions (PostGIS, pgvector).

Postgres vs other databases